IJEP 41(11): 1290-1298 : Vol. 41 Issue. 11 (November 2021)
Indranil Ghosh, Debyasnita Sarkar, Ankita Adhikary, Preeti Prasad and Souvik Chakraborty*
Dr. Sudhir Chandra Sur Institute of Technology and Sports Complex, Kolkata-700 074, West Bengal, India
Abstract
South 24 Parganas is the biggest district of West Bengal in terms of area. The population density is quite high in South 24 Parganas touching the population of 1 crore. The rainfall in study area is also very scanty. So groundwater table is not filled-up but overdraft of it is taking place. These are the factors of seawater intrusion in South 24 Parganas. Groundwater samples are collected from 29 blocks of South 24 Parganas. After that groundwater quality parameters are found out. Also the geographical values, like piezometric level pre-monsoon and post-monsoon have been collected. Based on the analysis of electrical conductivity, chloride, iron, salinity, TDS it has been found that electrical conductivity value is very high throughout the South 24 Parganas. Although few places of South 24 Parganas are safe from chloride point of view in comparison with IS 10500-2012, CPCB manual for irrigation and IS 4251-1967. But other places are not safe from chloride point of view. From salinity point of view, it can be concluded that South 24 Parganas are so much affected by seawater intrusion from the Bay of Bengal and Ganga river that salinity is very high all over South 24 Parganas. Iron value is also very high throughout the South 24 Parganas. So through analysis of groundwater properties it is certain that South 24 Parganas are highly affected due to saline water intrusion. From geochemical properties, it is found that water table is very near to ground surface more in pre-monsoon and less in post-monsoon. But since groundwater is contaminated with seawater intrusion so high water table is of no use. From the analysis path line of saline water intrusion is predicted. Also some remedial measures are suggested to abate the seawater intrusion.
Keywords
Groundwater, seawater intrusion, groundwater qualities, pathline, water harvesting
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