IJEP 43(14): 1291-1298 : Vol. 43 Issue. 14 (Conference 2023)
1. Middle Technical University (MTU), Institute of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
2. Tikrit University, Department of Petroleum and Gas Refining Engineering, College of Petroleum Processes Engineering, Tikrit, Iraq
3. University of Bradford, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, Bradford, United Kingdom
4. Ministry of Oil, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract
Iraqi crude oils (ICO) have various heavy metals, like nickel (II) and vanadium (IV), which poison catalysts, cause environmental threats and affect the specification of petroleum products. Traditional hydrotreating and hydrocracking technologies are used in petroleum refining to remove metals from fuels, but these technologies operate at high pressures and temperatures, making the processes expensive. Adsorptive demetallization (ADM) technology is one of the promising approaches; however, this study focuses on developing a new ADM process for removing vanadium and nickel metals from ICO with high speed and efficiency using synthetic nano-zeolite Y as adsorbent material. The feasibility of removing the metal from ICO via zeolite Y and chelating agent (EDTA) was investigated and compared. Many characterizations, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) were achieved using the synthesis nano-zeolite Y. XRD and FTIR tests were used to demonstrate the presence of single zeolite phases in the products. The results proved that the maximum removal efficiency of nickel metal ions under the best conditions (0.01 solution concentration) using zeolite Y and EDTA was 45% and 40%, respectively while that of vanadium metal ions was 40.5% and 39%, respectively. The experimental results showed that the vanadium ion exchange has more uptaking of metal ions than the nickel under the experiments used at exchanging efficiency of about 40% for zeolite Y. The results proved that the addition of EDTA has a similar result for the zeolite Y with error of 5%. This study provided new design for removal process of metal ions from real crude oil using synthesised zeolite Y with promising results.
Keywords
Adsorptive demetallization, Iraqi crude oil, Nickel, Vanadium, Nano-zeolite Y, EDTA
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