IJEP 43(8): 697-704 : Vol. 43 Issue. 8 (August 2023)
Krishnam Shankar Hemath Naveen and Ponnusamy Porchelvan*
Vellore Institute of Technology, Department of Environmental and Water Resource Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Vellore, Tamil Nadu – 632 014, India
Abstract
In this study, 8 different samples were collected from different lakes present in the Gudiyattam region for heavy metal and risk assessment analysis. The concentration of heavy metals was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Adult infusion (AI), metal index (MI) and hazard quotient (HQ) were determined to access the health risk assessment for all of these lakes using ingestion and dermal pathway. Metal index values for all lakes were found to be greater than 1 which indicates that the lake water is unsuitable for drinking purposes. From the above experiments, chromium, lead and cobalt are commonly found heavy metals in all water samples. These heavy metals possess a high risk of cancer. Among them, chromium and lead are found to be the dominating metals which are non-carcinogenic risk elements, that also affect dermal exposure. The hazard index (HI) of all these metals was found to be greater than 1. Also, carcinogenic index (CI) exceeded the acceptable limit (1.0×10(-6 to -4)) in 5 lakes, that is site 1 to site 3, site 6 and site 7. From these results, it is clear that water samples collected different regions can possess a high risk to living beings.
Keywords
Heavy metals, Health risk assessment, Lake water
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